Chapter 4 - Cell Structure and Function

Cells are the smallest living unit

• may exist as part of a tissue
• sizes of cells
• using microscopes to study cells
• cells have to be small

2 Types of cells

1. prokaryotic
2. eukaryotic

Structures common to all cells

• plasma membrane
• cytoplasm
• DNA
• ribosomes
• extra-cellular matrix

Cellular structures in prokaryotic cells

(see Figure 4.4)

Cellular structures in eukaryotic cells

(see Figures 4.6 - 4.7)

• (organelles)
• plasma membrane
• cytoplasm
• ribosome
• nucleus
• rough endoplasmic reticulum
• smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• vesicles
• Golgi apparatus
• mitochondrion
• chloroplast
• microtubules
• microfilaments
• central vacuole
• cell wall

Evolution of the eukaryotic cell

© Carol L. Wymer, 2004